很多人对于英文rigid都是有点陌生的,这也许是因为不太了解它详细的汉语意思。小编为大家精心准备了英语单词rigid具体的汉语意思,欢迎大家前来阅读。
rigid的汉语意思
英 [ˈrɪdʒɪd] 美 [ˈrɪdʒɪd]
比较级:more rigid最高级:most rigid
形容词 僵硬的; 严格的; (规则、方法等)死板的; 刚硬的,顽固的
例句
1. The new recruits are not used to the rigid disciplines of the army.
新兵不习惯于军队的严格纪律。
2. He is very rigid in his ideas.
他的观点一成不变。
3. The support for the tent is rigid.
帐篷的支柱很坚固。
rigid的单语例句
1. Standard Chartered has never ruled out the possibility of buying another domestic bank if it can meet the bank"s rigid strategic and financial standards.
2. " Waiting for Godot " itself has outgrown attempts at definition by literary analysis or rigid pigeonholing.
3. Fanfan was raised by her stern and dour grandmother, who schooled her in the rigid etiquette of the Manchus.
4. Without bold action on such national policies as the rigid residence registration system, we anticipate no major breakthrough in the way our " floating population " is managed.
5. Until a rigid hukou system was imposed in Shanghai in 1958 to control the population, the city had welcomed immigrants for more than a century.
6. It was only after the Industrial Revolution that political and social change finally broke down the West"s own rigidideas of hierarchy.
7. Honduras is promoting the cigar industry in search of new markets, but also imposed a rigid law on smokers that virtually only allows lighting up outdoors.
8. Clearance rates are a rigid gauge of staff or department performance that make police eager to be seen as solving cases.
9. But they collectively constitute something of an enigma as their desires and aspirations remain submerged in therigid conformity of the Chinese market place.
rigid的词典解释
1. (法律、制度或体系)严格的,刻板的,不可变更的
Laws, rules, or systems that are rigid cannot be changed or varied, and are therefore considered to be rather severe.
e.g. Several colleges in our study have rigid rules about student conduct...
在我们的研究中,有几所大学制定了严格的学生行为规则。
e.g. Hospital routines for nurses are very rigid.
医院中护士的日常工作非常刻板。
2. 固执的;顽固的;刻板的
If you disapprove of someone because you think they are not willing to change their way of thinking or behaving, you can describe them as rigid .
e.g. She was a fairly rigid person who had strong religious views...
她相当顽固,宗教观念极强。
e.g. My father is very rigid in his thinking.
我父亲的思想非常顽固。
3. 坚硬的;刚性的;不易弯曲的
A rigid substance or object is stiff and does not bend, stretch, or twist easily.
e.g. ...rigid plastic containers...
坚硬的塑料容器
e.g. These plates are fairly rigid.
这些盘子非常坚硬。
4. (常因震惊或害怕)身体僵直的,不能动弹的,呆住的
If someone goes rigid, their body becomes very straight and stiff, usually as a result of shock or fear.
e.g. I went rigid with shock...
我惊得僵在那里。
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Text 2
A century ago, the immigrants from across the Atlantic inclued settlers and sojourners. Along with the many folks looking to make a permanent home in the United States came those who had no intention to stay, and 7millin people arrived while about 2 million departed. About a quarter of all Italian immigrants, for exanmle, eventually returned to Italy for good. They even had an affectionate nickname, “uccelli di passaggio,” birds of passage.
Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants. We divide nemcomers into two categories: legal or illegal, good or bad. We hail them as Americans in the making, or our broken immigrantion system and the long political paralysis over how to fix it. We don’t need more categories, but we need to change the way we think about categories. We need to look beyond strick definitions of legal and illegal. To start, we can recognize the new birds of passage, those living and thriving in the gray areas. We might then begin to solve our immigration challenges.
Crop pickers, violinists, construction workers, entrepreneurs, engineers, home health-care aides and physicists are among today’s birds of passage. They are energetic participants in a global economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas .They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them , They can manage to have a job in one place and a family in another.
With or without permission, they straddle laws, jurisdictions and identities with ease. We need them to imagine the United States as a place where they can be productive for a while without committing themselves to staying forever. We need them to feel that home can be both here and there and that they can belong to two nations honorably.
Accommodating this new world of people in motion will require new attitudes on both sides of the immigration battle .Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrong means opening up the middle ground and understanding that managing immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes. Including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system.
26 “Birds of passage” refers to those who____
[A] immigrate across the Atlantic.
[B] leave their home countries for good.
[C] stay in a foregin temporaily.
[D] find permanent jobs overseas.
27 It is implied in paragraph 2 that the current immigration stystem in the US____
[A] needs new immigrant categories.
[B] has loosened control over immigrants.
[C] should be adopted to meet challenges.
[D] has been fixeed via political means.
28 According to the author, today’s birds of passage want___
[A] fiancial incentives.
[B] a global recognition.
[C] opportunities to get regular jobs.
[D] the freedom to stay and leave.
29 The author suggests that the birds of passage today should be treated __
[A] as faithful partners.
[B] with economic favors.
[C] with legal tolerance.
[D] as mighty rivals.
30 which of the best title for the passage?
[A] come and go: big mistake.
[B] living and thriving : great risk.
[C] with or without : great risk.
[D] legal or illegal: big mistake.
参考答案与解析
26.【答案】C (stay in a foreign temporarily)
【解析】词汇题。根据题干关键词定位,定位到第一段最后一句。在?句中,They even had an affectionate nickname, “uccelli di passaggio,” birds of passage.,they 这个代词承前指代,指四分之一的意大利移民。有些人要再美国定居(permanent home),但是一些人只是在美国暂时居住,要回国(had no intention to stay).一定要注意理解这个倒装结构:Along with …. came those who……,那些没有要回国的是我们要强调的。通过这句我们能选择出C选项。这A项只是说一世纪前的横跨大西洋的移民们,没有说birds of passage来自于哪里。B项虽然有for good 但是与原文意思相反。原文是移民们会永远的回到意大利,而不是选项当中的离开自己的祖国。D项文中首段并未提及。
27.【答案】C (should be adopted to meet challenges)
【解析】推理题。题干要求在第二段。原文“We don’t need more categories”可以排除A选项。文章“Today, we are much more rigid about immigrants.”我们目前有更加严格的对待移民以及“ We need to look beyond strict definitions of legal and illegal.”我们需要超越这种合法和不合法的严格定义。就知道目前是很严格的。我们还没有选项中的“has loosened control over immigrants.”对移民的放松控制。B 项排除。文章也并没有说这个制度被政治方式所修复。政治确实出现在文章中,但是只是说“the long political paralysis”长期的政治麻痹与原文不符。故排除。“To start …We might then begin to solve our immigration challenges.”首先承认这些短暂移民的存在,然后解决移民的挑战。是C选项的同义替换。
28.【答案】D (the freedom to stay and leave)
【解析】细节题。根据关键词定位,可定位到第三段。 “They prefer to come and go as opportunity calls them .They can manage to have a job in one place and a family in another.”他们喜欢随着机会的来临,来去都自如。他们可以在一地工作,也可以再另外的地方成家。强调的是机会和来去自如。D项是这句的同义替换。A项是对原文的片面理解。“They are energetic participants in a global economy driven by the flow of work, money and ideas”不仅仅是来自金钱的刺激(financial incentives),还有有工作和各种理念。B在文中未提及。文中只是说道“global economy” ,没有提“global recognition”,C项中的regular jobs(一般工作)在文中未提及,也是对文意的曲解。
29.【答案】C (with legal tolerance)
【解析】推理题。根据题干,可定位到第五段。题干问到“根据作者,这些短暂移民者应该以何种方式被对待” “Looking beyond the culture war logic of right or wrong means opening up the middle ground and understanding that managing immigration today requires multiple paths and multiple outcomes. Including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system”意思是 “我们应该超越移民合法性方面的文化之争,重现看待中间地带,充分意识到当今的移民管理体系需要各种途径,从而取得多样化的结果,来解决现今移民体系下用法律手段很难解决的问题”暗含了C项中tolerance也就是对“multiple paths and multiple outcomes”的改写。A、B和D项在文中未提及。
30.【答案】D (legal or illegal: big mistake)
【解析】主旨大意题。文章第二段第二句中提到“We divide newcomers into two categories: legal or illegal” “我们把新移民分为2类:合法和不合法移民.” 同时作者认为“We need to look beyond strick definitions of legal and illegal,” “我们不需要合法和不合法移民这样严格的定义”这说明这种分类是错误的。另外,文章最后一段最后一句“Including some that are not easy to accomplish legally in the existing system.”“包括在现行移民体系中不容易合法的实现一些事情”也反映了文章的中心。也就是说合法和不合法的分类是错误的。故选D。 A项说短暂移民们的移动是个错误。没有体现文章主旨。B和C项都说是risk(风险)跟文章无关。
议论文是托福考试写作中常考的题型,考生要掌握正确的方式在中段落部分做好发展方法。以下是小编为大家整理了托福议论文写作中段落常用的发展方式,一起来看看吧!
托福议论文写作中段落的发展技巧
在应试型托福议论文写作中,通常遵循introduction- body-conclusion(引言段-主体段-结论段)的“三步曲”。Body(主体)段落提供了论证观点的理由,是整个文章的主体,在评分中占有很大的比重。例如一篇满分的雅思作文(9分)必须“presents a fully developed position in answer to the question with relevant, fully extended and well supported ideas”。这里的“fully extended / well supported”,必须通过主体段来体现。
1.Write a topic sentence for each paragraph you plan to write. Each topic sentence should relate to your thesis statement and introduce what the paragraph will be about. If you find that the topics you want to discuss do not support the thesis statement you have written, revise your thesis statement or reconsider your topic sentences.
(每个主体段都必须有一个明确的主题句)
2.Write ideas that support your topic sentences. The topic sentence for each paragraph tells the reader what the paragraph will be about. The ideas stated in the rest of the paragraph should all relate to the topic sentence.
(支持句必须围绕主题句展开)
新托福满分作文(5分)也要求“is well organized and well developed, using clearly appropriate explanations, exemplifications, and/or details”,同样必须通过主体段落发展来实现。一般来说,一篇议论文必须包含至少两个主体段。每个主体段都必须有明确的主题句“topic sentence”和若干支持句“supporting sentences”。他们共同组成文章的理由段,对全文的论点提供理由支持。专家建议初学者在练习议论文写作时,必须遵循理由段发展的几个简单原则,这对迅速完成理由段、构建连贯和理由充分的议论文大有帮助。
新托福写作的过渡与论证
第一,连接词过渡句
任何形式的英语文章中都应该具备一定量的连接词,因为它们是有助于读者顺利阅读的“导航坐标”;大多数考生在备考时也的确会准备一系列此类连接词,用于文章每个段落的段首;包括有表示“第一,第二,第三”等的连接词。但是单纯有段首连接词还不足以支撑全文的结构,因此考生应该同时准备段中连接词,包括“比如说,因为,但是,相对比而言”等,粗略估计,全文完成下来可以达到15个以上的连接词,不仅承接了全文,结构清晰明了,而且也为时间紧张下的写作减轻了不少字数压力。以下为常用连接词:
1、第一:in the first place/ first and foremost/ to start with/ to begin with/ first of all/ first/ firstly
2、第二:in the second place/ secondly and equal importantly/ to continue/ second/ secondly
3、第三:in the third place/ last but not least/ third/ thirdly
4、一方面、另一方面:on one hand/ on the other hand; for one thing/ for another
5、表原因:because/ because of/ since/ due to/ as/ thanks to/ for/ owing to
6、表结果:so/ therefore/ as a result/ consequently/ as a consequence
7、表举例:for example/ for instance/ such as/ take…as an example/ to illustrate
8、表承接:besides/ furthermore/ moreover/ what’s more/ in addition/ additionally
9、表转折:but/ while/ however/ nevertheless/ nonetheless
10、表比较对比: to compare with/ compared with/ in comparison with/ by contrast/ on the contrary
当然,仅仅依靠连接词是不足以表明全文的连贯性的,适当的添加过渡句也是很好的承接手段,让全文更加流畅舒服,朗朗上口。
第二,内在论证统一
官方指南中也明确在写作部分提到“但要知道,仅仅使用第一,第二这样的连接词并不能保证作文结构的严谨,还要注意让所有的观点与文章的主题相关,紧扣中心思想。换句话说,作文要有统一性,评分原则中提到的统一性,渐进性和连贯性这些都是评估作文结构是否严谨,读者能否比较容易地跟上作者思路的标准。”通过上段叙述,不难发现作文论证统一性的重要性。
而事实上这也正是被许多考生所忽略的问题。在拿到试题后,考生们不是先腾出时间构思结构框架,而是急着抓住哪怕是一分钟的时间动笔写作,其实如此的选择是要不得的,强烈建议各位考生在考试时不要舍不得这准备的时间,因为只有当你事先构思好而不是边想边写,你才能真正做到论证内容的一致性,观点与论据的统一性,也才能真正取得高分。另外,用最直白的作答应对题目的提问,用单边的手段安排整篇文章成5段的总分总思路是十分适用的。
新托福写作材料:企业的目标是赚取利润
Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Businesses should do anything they can to make a profit. Use specific reasons and examples to support your position.
参考:
任何企业团体作为社会的组成部分,有责任考虑到整个社会的利益,所以不能为所欲为,强调法制的必要性。
Nowadays, merchants tend to strive for remaining in existence by all means due to the extensive competition and burdensome pressures. However, I am always amazed when I hear that it is necessary for businessman to do anything possible to make a profit. It may be as highly laudable and exemplary a thing as it is held to be by those who are addicted to money.
Apparently, I strongly object to it due to various factors that weigh heavily against the notion. The foremost reason is that merchants would be rewarded by nothing but distrust and even hatred from the customers if they hardly care about anything but money. It is widely known that nothing can be compared with the good reputation of a company, which attracts more upright and loyal customers. Suppose we are facing the dilemma of which brand of shampoo to purchase. It is of no surprise if you decide to take the one produced by P&G or other reputable large companies. As a result, what assures the buyers most is the credit of the service suppliers?
Another subtle explanation for my point of view rests on the fact that various appalling results would in some cases, be caused by the immoral and even illegal businesses. It is decent to make profits and receive the repayment of diligent work and continuous efforts. Nevertheless, producing unqualified or even deleterious commodities, which possibly lead to detriments of people"s health or security, is never the sensible method to operate a company. What impressed me most is the tragedy happened several months ago in some part of China. Hundreds of infants died because of the nonnutritive milk powders produced by some merchantmen without ethics. Therefore, it is never too rigid to denounce the immoral and irresponsible behavior. The third point I would like to mention is that the merchants themselves would not be reassured to enjoy the property acquired in improper ways.
In most cases, it is the essential satisfaction of benefiting the public, rather than the material items, which inspires people profoundly. What a pleasant thing it would be to receive repayment of your diligent work and continuous efforts! On the contrary, few people would go into rapture even if they possess a mass of wealth earned through indecent ways. Thus, only by obeying commercial disciplines could a businessman obtain supreme success and maximum pleasure.
Taking into all the reasons above into account, it is barely too arbitrary to conclude that only by descent and good Intentioned business activities could a company achieve respectable and decent success.
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